maaf email atau password anda salah

Gharbzadegi

Monday, March 23, 2026

Hatred of the West does not come from the mullahs. It stems from Iranian intellectuals who have studied the West.

arsip tempo : 177927342859.

Ilustration: Edi RM. tempo : 177927342859.

WHERE does Iran’s “hatred” of the West come from? It did not originate from bearded mullahs on the pulpit or from robed and turbaned ulama. It first emerged from beardless intellectuals in suits and ties, intellectuals who read and were influenced by modern Western thought.

Ahmad Fardid first coined the term “gharbzadegi,” which can be translated as “Western intoxication,” in a lecture he gave at th

...

Subscribe to continue reading.
We craft news with stories.

For the benefits of subscribing to Digital Tempo, See More

The Best Choice

Rp 750.000/12 months

  • *Flexible payment methods
  • *Unlimited access to Tempo Plus & Tempo Magz

Rp 386.280/6 months

  • *Auto-renews every 6 months
  • *Cancel at anytime
  • *Unlimited access to Tempo Plus & Tempo Magz

See Other Packages

Already a Subscribed? Log in here
To receive daily news by Email, Sign up for Tempo ID.

More Articles

More exclusive contents

  • May 18, 2026

  • May 11, 2026

  • May 4, 2026

  • April 27, 2026

Independent journalism needs public support. By subscribing to Tempo, you will contribute to our ongoing efforts to produce accurate, in-depth and reliable information. We believe that you and everyone else can make all the right decisions if you receive correct and complete information. For this reason, since its establishment on March 6, 1971, Tempo has been and will always be committed to hard-hitting investigative journalism. For the public and the Republic.

Login Subscribe