The phenomenon is known as Kartolo. His fans come from different classes: from becak drivers, construction laborers, carpenters, truck and bus drivers to university lecturers, businessmen and students.

Kartolo, 59, is also popular because of his kidungan jula-juli, or ballads of traditional poetry. His voice is clear and melodious, his verses funny. Like his jokes, his ballads express simple aspects of everyday life, the daily experiences of the c