THE amateur video was 75 minutes and 34 seconds long. It opened with Arabic calligraphy quoting verses from the Qur’an, followed by a series of photographs of violence involving the Muslim community in Indonesia. An upbeat nasyid song played in the background. The lyrics repeatedly called on Muslims to carry out jihad.

The first 15 minutes of the video were about the history of clashes between Islamic hardline groups and security forces in Ind