WHEN Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower was sworn in as the 34th President of the United States on January 22, 1953, Douglas MacArthur watched the event on his home television set. The retired general—an American hero in World War II, who was senior to and at the same time Eisenhower’s mentor—was not disappointed. He was already quite satisfied to be the teacher who guided one of his pupils to the highest attainable rank in office.

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