City of Heroes (and Villains)

SURABAYA, as all Indonesians should know, is known as ‘Kota Pahlawan’ or ‘The City of Heroes’ because it was there in late October and early November 1945 that a mass rising took place against the British and their Indian Allies.

All literate Indonesians who have been through the state school system can home in on facts relating to those events in the East Java provincial capital. Th