Manifesto

In August 1963, a document was written and announced: the “Manifes Kebudayaan” or Cultural Manifesto. It immediately created a virulent controversy. Lekra and the other cultural and political organizations the government recognized at the time saw it as “counter revolutionary”. Subsequently, President Sukarno did too.

On 8 May 1964, the document—which was later derisively dubbed “Manikebu” (buffalo sperm)—was declared “banned�

Subscribe to continue reading.
We craft news with stories.

For the benefits of subscribing to Digital Tempo, See More

The Best Choice

Rp 54.945/Month

Active for 12 Months, Rp 659.340

• *You Save -Rp 102.000
• *Guaranteed update of up to 52 Editions of Tempo Magazine

Subscribe

Rp 64.380/Month

Active Every Month Cancel Anytime

• *Free for the first month if using a Credit Card

Subscribe

See Other Packages

Already a Subscribed? Log in here
To receive daily news by Email, Sign up for Tempo ID.